ABSTRACT
It is now widely known that the hazards can be natural, but most disasters are ‘human-made’. The failure to properly implement developmental policies and practices with due consideration to disaster risk management is the leading cause of turning a hazard into a disaster.25 This, in return, negatively affects sustainable development which ultimately affects the weakest and the poorest sections of society. Disaster impacts have been felt on a wide range of sectors and sections of the population. They are curbing progress made toward achieving the Sendai Framework targets, and SDGs. Climate and human-induced disaster events have exposed several underlying facets of risks' systemic and cascading nature. There is an urgent need to identify, analyse and better understand the multi-hazard, systemic and cascading nature of the disaster and climate risks, their inter-linkages, and interplay. A holistic understanding of risk is crucial for furthering the priorities of action laid under the Sendai Framework and the envisioned SDGs and ensuring a better, greener, resilient and sustainable society. We have tried to study the disaster management frameworks, plans and policies of 10 countries including India to understand the institutional mechanisms and integration of critical aspects of dual/multi disaster scenarios. When the traditional disasters hit the community following the COVID-19 pandemic, the need arises to have an integrated model that can assisting in the preparation and response to the dual situation simultaneously. Efforts are made to put the experiences into a framework for an integrated approach preparing for dual/multi-disaster scenarios. © 2022, World Research Association. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
As individuals, leaders have sufficient power and influence to make decisions with and through others. Ethical leadership is premised on constructive collaboration which benefits society as a whole rather than selected group interests or self-interests. In promoting the good of the whole, ethical leaders demonstrate fairness, commitment and holistic behaviour. Likewise, ethical leaders during times of crisis like COVID 19, need to augment the health and well-being of their constituents which can be severely impacted. Nurturing positive influence during a pandemic can be challenging, considering competing needs in multiple contexts. However, managing such complexities requires a framework that is informed by taking cognisance not only of national interests, but also global interests considering that global interconnectivity requires a global will to pursue actions which do not marginalise certain communities. Therefore, the requisite holism underpinned by an ethical framework must drive ethical leadership, especially when pandemics are globally impacted. It is ultimately ethical leadership which can lead humankind out of the pandemic crisis, since authentic concern for healthy and protected people can eventually create economic, social and political value for the world.